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Employee Resistance to Change..... ¿Why? 

No matter how well designed and planned your change program is, not everyone will be singing its praises.

Employees resist change for a wide variety of reasons, ranging from a straightforward intellectual disagreement over facts to deep-seated psychological prejudices.

Some of these reasons for employee resistance may include:

o. belief that the change initiative is a temporary fad

o. belief that fellow employees or managers are incompetent

o. loss of authority or control

o. loss of status or social standing

o. lack of faith in their ability to learn new skills

o. feeling of change overload (too much too soon)

o. lack of trust in or dislike of managers

o. loss of job security

o. loss of family or personal time

o. feeling that the organization is not entitled to the extra effort

 

For some people resisting change, there may be multiple reasons. Adding to this complexity is the fact that sometimes the stated reason hides the real, more deeply personal reason. You will also need to recognize that people work through a psychological change process as they give up the old and come to either embrace or reject the new.

Typically, they may experience an initial denial, then begin to realize that the change cannot be ignored. Strong feelings may emerge, such as fear, anger, helplessness and frustration. Finally, the person accepts the change either negatively, with feelings of resignation and complacency, or positively, with renewed enthusiasm to capitalize on the changes. Watch out for employees who get “stuck” in one phase. Offer your support. Allow space for people to work through the stages. Give employees time to draw breath and listen with empathy.

Reactions to Organizational Change

If you identify and manage resistance to change poorly, you can very quickly strangle your change program or, alternatively, slowly and unnoticeably starve it to death. Who are your resisters and how are they resisting?

Change recipients who are dead against the change will either resist overtly, voicing their objections loudly and often, or covertly. Covert resisters operate from the underground, masking their defiance, but posing you a much more serious challenge. We have identified four basic types of reaction to organizational change. Where do your change recipients sit?

Enthusiasts

These change recipients are intrinsically wedded to the change idea. They may agree dispassionately that the change will be of benefit to the organization, or they may stand to receive some personal gain from the change, such as a guarantee of job security, more status or a higher salary. Enthusiasts will use opportunities to broadcast approval for the change and will try to convince others of its merits. They will also model the new behavior early and will volunteer for membership of teams. These early adopters may also make good choices as trainers and coaches during the implementation process.

Followers

Followers range from those that are generally compliant, wishing to take the path of least resistance, to those that are initially reticent to adapt, but eventually do so once they accept the inevitability of the change. These change recipients will do what is required, but no more.

Objectors

Objectors will display their resistance to change whenever the opportunity arises. They may disrupt meetings, not attend training, take unapproved leave and refuse to carry out instructions. Objectors will continue to use superseded systems and processes when others are taking up the new ways of doing things. They are not averse to arguing with managers and fellow workers and will try to convince others to continue with the old ways. In a unionized environment, resistance can take the form of strikes, lockouts, “work to rule”, legal challenges and boycotts.

Underground

Change recipients working for the underground have solid motivations for not making their resistance public. They may fear direct punishment, such as termination or fines, or more personal costs, such as ridicule or loss of status and authority. Managers who are against the change but need to be seen to be in support of it are prime candidates for promoting underground resistance. This style of resistance is, by its nature, always covert and can take many forms. Common among these are falsifying reports, inputting incorrect data, stealing, damaging infrastructure and equipment, using sarcasm, spreading rumors, excessive absences, shoddy work and “go slow”.

What can you do now? 

One thing you can do in managing resistance is work with your key employees to construct a Force Field analysis diagram using Kurt Lewin’s Force Field Analysis technique. This will give you a powerful indication of where you will need to devote your energies.

Example of a Force Field analysis diagram:

Our comprehensive eBook, Managing Change in the Workplace, will show you how to construct a Force Field analysis diagram and to develop a strategy to deal with resistance. Click here to find out how to buy and start using straight away.

Tips for Overcoming Resistance to Change

Treating the forces against change is a more productive use of resources than simply reinforcing the forces for change. Choose the most powerful of the restraining forces and devote time and energy to weakening these.

Think of how you could apply the drivers for change you identified in your analysis to either weakening or eliminating an opposing force.

Show the fiercest resisters what’s in it for them. Appeal to them either in terms of personal gain (such as status, salary bonus, recognition, and so on) or loss avoided (such as financial loss or job outplacement prevented).

Get customers or suppliers to explain to change resisters face to face how the current situation disadvantages them in concrete terms.

Put resisters on teams that allow them to play some decision-making part in the change process, however small.

Defuse political power plays amongst managers and other employees by conducting broad-based meetings where goals and tactics are openly discussed and introduce processes that leave little room for individual discretion.

Endeavor to look at the world through the eyes of the change resister. Listen openly and honestly to what they are trying to say. Examine your own basic beliefs and assumptions. Through engaging resisters, be prepared to change yourself.

Fuente: http://www.businessperform.com/change-management/resistance_to_change.html

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La asignación final consiste en abarcar las áreas de:
A. Categorias lexicales y uso del diccionario.

B. Estructura de la oracion.

Categorias lexicales y uso del diccionario

1. Identificar 3 palabras que no se conoce, y agregar las abreviaciones.

Straightforward: adj. simple
Embrace: verb. abrazar
Whenever: conj. siempre, cada vez.


2. Idea principal del texto:

El articulo hace referencia a posibles causas de la resistencia al cambio en una organización, y suigere algunas reflexiones para superar esta resistencia y reducir la brecha en la implancación de cambios exitosos dentro de las organizaciones.

Aún cuando exista un plan bien diseñado, el cambio debe venir de los hechos arraigados a cada individuo que integran la organización. Igualmente, utilizar todos los recursos y análisis FODA, que permitirán fortalecer los motores del cambio, de esta manera minimizar la resistencia a la implatación de un cambio, buscando cambiarse a sí mismo.

3. Categorias lexicales:
     o-. Palabras de contenido: resistance, change.
     o-. Palabras de Función: over, through a.
     o-. Verbos: resist, may.
     o-. Adverbio: typically, finally, poorly.
     o-. Adjetivo: initial, poorly.
     o-. Artículo: a, some.
     o-. Preposiciones: for, at, by.
     o-. Conjunción: but, if.
     o-. Cognados verdaderos: reasons, initiative.
     o-. Cognados Falsos: ranging, disagreement.
     o-. Sufijo: disagreement, typically.
     o-. Prefijos: disagreement, incompetent.

Estructura de la oracion

Employees resist change for a wide variety of reasons, ranging from a straightforward intellectual disagreement over facts to deep-seated psychological prejudices.

Frase nominal: Employees
Premodificadores: N/A
Postmodificadores: N/A
Núcleo de la frase nominal: Employees
Frase verbal: resist change for a wide variety of reasons, ranging from a straightforward intellectual disagreement over facts to deep-seated psychological prejudices.Núcleo de la frase verbal: resist change
Tiempo verbal: presente

If you identify and manage resistance to change poorly, you can very quickly strangle your change program or, alternatively, slowly and unnoticeably starve it to death.

Frase nominal: If you
Premodificadores: If
Postmodificadores: N/A
Núcleo de la frase nominal: you
Frase verbal: identify and manage resistance to change poorly, you can very quickly strangle your change program or, alternatively, slowly and unnoticeably starve it to death.
Núcleo de la frase verbal: identify
Tiempo verbal: presente